Yet, despite this progress and years of research in the PD field, our understanding of its biological basis remains incomplete.

Since the first description of Parkinson’s disease (PD) in Western Medicine over two centuries ago, significant progress has been made to better understand, diagnose and treat the disease 1. Notably, there was also growing recognition that the definition of PD as a single disease should be reconsidered, perhaps each with its own unique pathobiology and treatment regimen. The views were varied, ranging from toxin exposure as a PD trigger, to LRRK2 as a potential root cause, to toxic alpha-synuclein being the most important etiological contributor. To achieve this aim, we posed this question to thirteen “PD experts” from six continents (for global representation) and collated their personal opinions into this article. The aim of this article was to explore some of these different theories by summarizing the viewpoints of laboratory and clinician scientists in the PD field, on the biological basis of the disease. Based on current PD knowledge, there are widely varying theories as to its pathobiology. The biological basis of the neurodegenerative movement disorder, Parkinson’s disease (PD), is still unclear despite it being ‘discovered’ over 200 years ago in Western Medicine.

Actor observer bias lumper definition